de Travail du Centre d ’ Economie de la Sorbonne
نویسنده
چکیده
This research focuses on the role played by cultural norms in the long run persistence of gender inequalities. Cultural norms about gender roles are considered to be endogenous and can generate gender inequality and low development traps. Indeed, when the gender gap is internalized, it leads to inegalitarian views about gender roles. Due to these inegalitarian beliefs, boys receive more education and the initial gender gap is reinforced. The existence of gender inequality traps is pointed out by the World Bank as a major obstacle for economic development (WDR 2006). The present article allows for a better understanding of the persistence of such traps and the means to escape. Résumé Cet article s’intéresse au rôle joué par les normes culturelles dans le phénomène de persistance des inégalités hommes-femmes. Les normes culturelles régissants le rôle respectif des hommes et des femmes sont supposées endogénes et peuvent générer l’émergence de trappes à inégalité et à pauvreté. En effet, les inégalités entre genres sont internalisées par les agents et conduisent à une vision inégalitaire du rôle que doit jouer chacun au sein de la société. A cause de ces croyances inégalitaires, les garçons reçoivent une éducation supérieur à celle reçue par les filles et l’inégalité initiale est renforcée. L’existence de trappes à inégalité entre hommes et femmes est mis en avant par la Banque Mondiale comme un des obstacle majeur au dévéloppement économique (WDR 2006). Cet article permet de mieu comprendre la persistence de ce type de trappe et les moyens d’en sortir. JEL Codes: J16, O15, Z10.
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